As the era of the blockbuster drug is fading, the pharmaceutical industry is more heavily leaning on the promise of personalized medicine (often called tailored therapeutics, precision medicine or ...

In the pharmaceutical research field, the journey from laboratory to pharmacy shelf is fraught with challenges, such as the high failure rates and increasing costs of clinical trials. Significant ...

To facilitate comparative treatment selection when there is substantial heterogeneity of treatment effectiveness, it is important to identify subgroups that exhibit differential treatment effects.